In the 2018 Heilongjiang Reclamation Silage Evaluation and Grain to Feed GEAF Longjiang Training Meeting, 32 households silages were evaluated and awarded. The Silage quality and physical and chemical indicators of the pastures using Silage  reached superior performance. Among them, four out of the top five households use Silage of Baolai-leelai, and six out of the top ten households use Silage. See the table below for details:

When Silage was used, the silage samples were good in appearance, bright in color, green in color, fragrant in smell, loose in hand, and the stem and leaf stubble were basically in the same state; the physical and chemical indexes of fermentation quality, such as pH, acid washing fiber, neutral washing fiber and neutral washing fiber, such as 30-hour in vitro digestibility, total VFA, lactic acid, acetic acid, butyric acid and ammonia nitrogen, were ideal, and the quality was outstanding, It was unanimously affirmed by experts and ranchers.

Influencing factors of silage quality

1. Types of raw materials and appropriate harvest time

The silage effect of different kinds of silage raw materials is different, and the silage effect of general grasses is better than that of legumes. The appropriate harvest period of silage raw materials should take into consideration the two factors of the raw crops' nutrients and actual yield, especially pay attention to the soluble sugar content and moisture content of the raw crops. The suitable harvest period of grasses is from booting stage to heading stage, and leguminous grasses are from bud stage to early flowering stage.

2. Appropriate water content

Appropriate water content of raw materials is one of the key factors for the success of silage production.If the water content is too high, it is easy to cause clostridia fermentation and spoilage, and too much exudate leads to large nutrient loss.If the water content is too low, it will directly inhibit silage microorganisms Fermentation, indirectly, makes it difficult to remove air and cause mildew. The moisture content of silage raw materials is more suitable from 65% to 75%. The moisture content required for different types of silage raw materials is also different. Legumes are suitable for 60% -70%, and some grasses can reach 70%- 80%.

3. Suitable sugar content

Soluble sugar is the main nutrient basis for the fermentation of lactic acid bacteria. The sugar content of the raw materials will directly affect the quality of the silage. Generally, the amount of lactic acid bacteria contained in silage raw materials is less than 100 / g. In order to promote the fermentation of lactic acid bacteria, the content of soluble sugar in the raw material is required to be more than 2% to ensure the rapid growth and reproduction of lactic acid bacteria to occupy an advantageous position. Too low will limit the growth and reproduction of lactic acid bacteria, making it difficult to produce high-quality silage.

4. Lower buffer capacity

Buffering force refers to the ability of silage raw materials to resist the decline of pH value, which is mainly caused by anions in crops such as organic acid salts, nitrates and sulfates. In addition, some organic acids such as malic acid and citric acid also have a buffering effect. The stronger the buffering power of the raw material, the slower the pH decreases, the slower the silage fermentation, and the more nutrients are lost, so lower buffering power is the key to making high-quality silage. The buffering capacity of raw materials is directly proportional to the content of crude protein. The buffering capacity of different types of raw materials is different at different growth stages. The buffering capacity of grasses is generally lower than that of legumes. Appropriate soluble sugar content can overcome the higher buffering force, so as to produce high quality silage.

5. Strict anaerobic environment

Strict anaerobic environment is one of the key factors to ensure the success of silage. If the anaerobic condition is not good, it will cause violent activities of aerobic microorganisms such as spoilage bacteria and mold and generate a large amount of heat.On the one hand, it is not conducive to the reproduction of lactic acid bacteria. On the one hand, it promotes the clostridium butyric acid fermentation, which causes the spoilage of silage. Sealing the silage cellars as early as possible in production to enable the silage to enter the anaerobic fermentation state as soon as possible is an important link in producing high-quality silage. In addition, the packing density and tightness of the silage are the main factors to ensure the anaerobic environment. Generally, different silage crops with different dry matter content should choose different silage density when making silage. When the silage raw material crop dry matter content is 250g / kg to 450g / kg, the silage filling density should be 170-180kgDM / m to 240-250 kg / m3, the degree of compaction and air permeability is greater than the chopped length on the quality of the silage surface material silage, if you want to reduce the surface material loss, Not only to ensure strict sealing, but also to increase the degree of surface material compaction.

6. Appropriate silage temperature

Silage temperature is too low and too high are not conducive to the fermentation of lactic acid bacteria flora, generally lactic acid bacteria are not strong below 27 ℃, and too high temperature will reduce the fermentation quality of silage and increase dry matter loss. The change of silo temperature is mainly affected by the basic temperature of the sealed cellar and the aerobic fermentation stage.

According to data statistics, the number of lactic acid bacteria on the surface of most silage crops is limited, and a large number of harmful spoilage bacteria are mixed.The addition of lactic acid bacteria preparations quickly reduces the pH value, inhibits protein hydrolysis, and significantly reduces the concentration of ammonia nitrogen in silage. The concentration of butyric acid decreased significantly, the concentration of lactic acid increased significantly, the palatability of silage was better, and the loss of nutrients was also significantly reduced. Lactobacillus itself is also a beneficial flora in the digestive tract of ruminants, which can increase the milk yield of dairy cows and the yield of meat, beef and sheep.

Eight reasons why ruminants use silage inoculant bacteria:

 1. Homogenous fermentation: excellent homofermentative lactic acid strains can use water-soluble carbohydrates to produce a large amount of lactic acid in a short period of time, with high efficiency, and reduce the pH value and the content of butyric acid and ammoniacal nitrogen in the shortest time to improve Fermentation quality, better dry matter recovery.

  2. Heterogeneous fermentation: Heterogeneous fermentation of lactic acid bacteria converts lactic acid to acetic acid, which can effectively inhibit the growth of yeast and mold, reduce the aerobic mildew of silage after opening the silo, and improve the aerobic stability of silage.

  3. Improve silage utilization: the addition of cellulase and hemicellulase promotes the release of carbohydrates in the cell wall of the silage raw materials, provides sugar for the lactic acid bacteria to improve the silage fermentation, and increases the silage by increasing the digestibility of the cell wall Nutritional value.

  4. After fermentation, small molecule peptides, B vitamins, niacin, folic acid, etc. are produced. The increase in methionine and lysine content increases the nutritional value of silage and is easier to digest and absorb.

 5. The silage grass is fresh, green, and has a special aromatic acidity, good palatability, can stimulate the appetite of livestock, and improve the value of feeding.

   6. Provide product third-party CMA and CNAS test reports with guaranteed quality.

   7. Packing 100g / bag, easy and fast to use.

8. The products have been verified by a large number of experiments before going to market, and the successful cases are extremely rich.

Quality Silage Index